New Trends in Physical Science Research Vol. 4

This book covers key areas of Physical Science. The contributions by the authors include turbostratic graphite, lubricant additive, solid lubricant, nanoparticles, surface classification, topological invariant, riemannian n-manifolds, geometry, topological spaces, De Bruijn graph, de Bruijn 3D-hypertorus, de Bruijn sequence, oil adulteration, photo-oxidation, auto-oxidation, magneto-optics, food authentication, Plate heat exchangers, auxiliary equation mapping method, Ion-acoustic waves, spacetime, general relativity, gravity, astrophysics, cosmology, esterification, biodiesel, metal nanoclusters, mathematical model, colloidal solution, surface plasmon resonance, nanophosphors, cytotoxicity, cable-driven parallel robot, coal gangue picking robot, twilight, doped manganite, mean-field model, phase transitions, quenched disorder. This book contains various materials suitable for students, researchers and academicians in the field of  Physical Science.