New Trends in Physical Science Research Vol. 5

This book covers key areas of Physical Science. The contributions by the authors include Chemical method, Polyvinyl Alcohol, X-ray diffraction analysis, Transmission electron microscopy, band gap energy, Fine-structure constant, four- dimensional spherical space, space-time manifold, variable modulus effect, Axial rotation, centrifugal force, counterclockwise, gravity, neutron stars, proto-planetary disk,   atom, galaxy, energy pool, black hole, white hole, recycling, Nickel oxide, spray Pyrolysis technique, X-ray diffraction, Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, optical properties, Magnetic field, Boltzmann relation, Bohm velocity, plasma physics, Momentum autocorrelation function, acoustic and optic branches, convolution theorem, addition theorem, Jacobian elliptic functions, Quasinormal modes, General Theory of Relativity , Optical injection, modulation, optoelectronic feedback, mode hopping, chaos, CdTe solar cells, heterojunction, low illumination application, Cosmology, speed of light, quantum gravity, Vibration studies, Raman spectra, Discrete Fourier transform, FMO contours, ESP contours, Radiological threats, nuclear threats, crisis management, dc-conductivity, Symmetric cell, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Electron, positron, gravitational constant, string theory, and fine structure constant. This book contains various materials suitable for students, researchers and academicians in the field of Physical Science.