Research Trends and Challenges in Physical Science Vol. 7

This book covers key areas of Physical Science. The contributions by the authors include ionic conductivity, impedance spectroscopy and transport number. Proton-coupled electron transfer, superoxide radical anion, favipiravir, cyclic voltammetry, electron spin resonance, Superliner photovoltaic ejection, heterojunction, nanocluster centers, tropo-iono variation, quasi-stationary refraction blocks, main variance components, Multifunctional materials, nanomaterials, Hubbard model, Ge isotopes, Fokker-planck equation, Brownian particles, energy production, non-equilibrium statistical physics, accuracy of planned GPS measurements, maximum accuracy, minimum cost of GPS measurements, super-quantum correlations, no-signaling, information causality, dusty fluid, MHD flow, transverse magnetic field, multiphase flow, topological entropy, Superconductivity, cold electron, quantum mechanics, magnetic nanoparticles, suspension, hyperthermia, magnetometry, ITER energy confinement time scaling, fusion energy, thermonuclear instability, cyclotron resonance plasma heating, l-mode Tokamak-plasmas. This book contains various materials suitable for students, researchers and academicians in the field of Physical Science.